Intangiriro
Umuryango w'Afurika y'Iburasirazuba (EAC) wabaye kamwe mu turere dufite ubukungu bukomeye muri Afurika, nyamara haracyarimo ikinyuranyo kinini mu izamuka ry'ubukungu riracyakomeza mu bihugu bigize uyu muryango. Nkuko imibare mpuzamahanga y’ikigega mpuzamahanga (IMF) iheruka (10 Gashyantare 2025) ibivuga, Umusaruro mbumbe (GDP) ku muturage mu bihugu bya EAC iratandukanye cyane, ikagaragaza imbaraga z’ubukungu n’intege nke za buri gihugu.
Urutonde rukurikira rugaragaza GDP iteganijwe kuri buri muntu (muri madollali y'America) mubihugu bya EAC muri 2025:
Kenya $ 2,187
Uganda $ 1.304
Tanzaniya $ 1,272
U Rwanda $ 990
Somaliya $ 819
DR Congo $ 744
Sudani y'Amajyepfo $ 334
Burundi $ 156
Iyi mibare itanga ubumenyi bwimbitse mubyerekeranye n'ubukungu bwa buri gihugu. Hasi, turasesengura icyo bivuze mukuzamuka, ishoramari, no gufata ingamba.
Kenya: Umuyobozi ushinzwe ubukungu muri EAC
Hamwe na GDP kuri buri muntu $ 2,187, Kenya ikomeje kwiganza muri EAC m'ubukungu. Iyi mikorere iterwa nubukungu butandukanye, harimo imisanzu ikomeye ituruka mu ikoranabuhanga (Silicon Savannah), serivisi z’imari, inganda, n’ubuhinzi. Ihungabana ry’amashiringi yo muri Kenya, ibikorwa remezo byatejwe imbere, n’umuco ukomeye wo kwihangira imirimo nabyo bigira uruhare mu guhangana n’ubukungu.
Uganda na Tanzaniya: Ibihangange mu bukungu
Uganda ($ 1,304) na Tanzaniya ($ 1,272) bikurikiranira hafi, byerekana ubukungu bwifashe neza. Ubwiyongere bwa Uganda buterwa no kuvumbura peteroli no kwagura ibikorwa remezo, mu gihe Tanzaniya yungukira mu bukerarugendo bukomeye, ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro, n'ubucuruzi. Ibihugu byombi byiteguye kuba ihuriro ry’ubukungu bw’akarere niba bikomeje inzira zigenda ziyongera.
U Rwanda: Guhindura ubukungu ariko haracyarimo imbogamizi
U Rwanda, hamwe na GDP ku muturage w'amadolari 990, azwiho politiki y’ubucuruzi, imiyoborere myiza, ndetse no gushora imari. Nubwo, nubwo hari intambwe imaze guterwa, iracyari inyuma ya Uganda na Tanzaniya. Ingano ntoya y’u Rwanda, geografiya idafite inkombe, hamwe n’inganda zishingiye kuri serivisi bigabanya umusaruro w’umusaruro rusange w’umuturage, bisaba inganda zikomeye no guhuriza hamwe ubucuruzi mu karere.
DR Congo na Somaliya: Ibidashoboka
Hamwe na $ 744 kuri DRC na $ 819 muri Somaliya, ibihugu byombi bifite imbaraga nyinshi mu bukungu ariko bikomeje kuba imbogamizi kubera ihungabana rya politiki, ibigo by’imari bidakomeye, n’ibura ry’ibikorwa remezo. DRC, ikungahaye ku mabuye y'agaciro nka cobalt n'umuringa, irashobora kugira uruhare runini mu gutanga amasoko ku isi mu gihe imiyoborere n'ivugurura ry'ubukungu byanozwa. Umusaruro rusange wa Somaliya ku muturage urimo urakira bitewe n’ubucuruzi bwiyongereye, kohereza amafaranga, n’ishoramari mu burobyi n’itumanaho.
Sudani y'Amajyepfo n'Uburundi: Urugamba rurakomeje
Sudani y'Amajyepfo ($ 334) n'Uburundi ($ 156) bikomeje kuba ibihugu bikennye cyane muri EAC ku muturage. Ibihugu byombi bihura n’imidugararo ya politiki, imiyoborere idahwitse, ndetse n’ubusabane ku buhinzi n’iterambere ry’inganda nke. Ubukungu bwa Sudani yepfo bushingiye cyane kubyoherezwa mu mahanga, ariko amakimbirane yo mu gihugu n’imyenda yo hanze bidindiza iterambere. Uburundi, hamwe na GDP iri hasi y’umuturage, bukeneye ubukungu bwihutirwa no gushora imari mu bikorwa remezo kugira ngo imibereho irusheho kuba myiza.
Icyo Iyi mibare isobanura ejo hazaza ha EAC
Gukemura ibibazo bitandukanye byubukungu
Ikinyuranyo hagati ya Kenya n'Uburundi ni kinini (Umusaruro rusange wa Kenya ku muntu wikubye inshuro 14).
Politiki yo mu karere igomba kwibanda ku kuzamuka kwuzuye, kureba ko ubukungu buto bwakira ishoramari mu bikorwa remezo, uburezi, n’ikoranabuhanga.
Uruhare rw'ubucuruzi n'ishoramari
Ibihugu bigize Umuryango wa EAC bigomba gushimangira ubucuruzi bw’akarere binyuze mu karere k’ubucuruzi nyafurika ku bucuruzi (AfCFTA).
Ishoramari ryinshi ritaziguye (FDI) rirakenewe mubukungu bwifashe nabi nka Sudani yepfo nu Burundi.
Ibikorwa Remezo n'inganda
Ibihugu nku Rwanda na Uganda bigomba kongera umusaruro winganda kugirango bikomeze iterambere rirambye.
Ingufu, ubwikorezi, hamwe n’ikoranabuhanga bigomba gushyirwa imbere kugirango ubukungu bwiyongere.
Umwanzuro
Umusaruro rusange wa 2025 kuri buri muturage ushimangira imiterere itandukanye y'ubukungu bwibihugu bya EAC. Mu gihe Kenya, Uganda, na Tanzaniya biza ku isonga mu bikorwa by'ubukungu, ibihugu nk'u Rwanda na DRC biratera imbere bihamye. Icyakora, Sudani y'Amajyepfo n'Uburundi biracyafite imbogamizi zikomeye zisaba ingamba zafashwe ingamba.
Kugira ngo EAC igere ku iterambere ry'ubukungu, ibihugu bigomba gufatanya mu bucuruzi, mu nganda, no guhuza politiki. Imyaka iri imbere izaba ingenzi mu gushiraho ubukungu bw’akarere buringaniye kandi bwuzuye.
Inkuru ya Masimbi Donald
